电动汽车充电方式和商业运营模式初探

A Preliminary Study on Charging Infrastructure Development and Business Operation Models

电动汽车产业化长期受到充电设施不足的制约,文章探讨了充电设施建设过程中面临充电方式选择和充电网络商业化运营的问题。通过充电站、充电桩和换电站各自的运营属性特征和优势缺陷比较,对不同时期充电设施的选择、空间分布、潜在的投资建设主体、运营主体及盈利模式提出了政策建议。特别讨论了电池更换站的发展前景和其对未来汽车和能源产业结构可能带来的影响,强调了充电网络运营者在未来电动汽车产业链体系中的重要地位。

The industrialization of electric vehicles has been restricted by the insufficiency of charging infrastructure for a long time. This paper discusses the problems faced in the process of the construction of charging infrastructure as well as the commercial operation of charging networks. By comparing the operation characteristics and advantages and shortcomings of charging station,charging post and battery swap station,this paper brings forward policy suggestions on the selection of charging infrastructure,distribution,potential investment parts,operation bodies and profit mode. In particular,this paper discusses the development prospects of battery swap station as well as its potential influence on future vehicles and energy industrial structure. This paper emphasizes the important role played by charging network operators in the EV industrial chain in the future.