微乳液增效作用的应用及机理探讨

Application of increased effect of the microemulsionsand discussion of its mechanism

微乳液是由表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、油、水按一定比例组成的各相同性的热力学稳定体系，具有增敏增溶改变化学平衡影响反应速率等独特性质，特别是其增溶增敏作用在分光光度法中的应用引起科研者的研究兴趣。实验结果表明，以微乳液为介质进行元素的分光光度测定，使难溶于水的显色物质可在水相直接显色，省去了萃取等繁琐操作，简化了操作步骤，改善了现有方法的实验条件，提高了方法的灵敏度。

Microemulsions are the aggregates containing surfactant, cosurfactant, hydrocarbon solvent and water, which have such special properities as sensitization, solubilization, modifying equilibrium and influencing reaction rates etc. Particularly, microemulsionssensitization and solubilization effects cause the great interests for the researchers, and are applied for the spectrophotometric determination of elements. A great deal of the experimental results shown in the microemulsion medium. Without such complicated operations as extraction, the direct determination of the elements in water phase could be accomplished, improving the experimental conditions, inhance the sensitivity of present methods. A review of the application of microemulsions in spectrophotometry is presented perticularly pertaining their solubilizatinn and sensization effects and their respective mechanism.5HZ