脉冲微波对大鼠胚胎发育及其后天学习记忆功能的影响

Effects of microwave pulses on embryonic development and postnatal learning and memory functions in rats

目的观察Ｘ波段脉冲波的胚胎发育生物学效应。方法以功率密度５～４０ｍＷ／ｃｍ２的脉冲微波对孕鼠进行孕期慢性辐照（孕６～１６日隔日一次，每次２０分钟），研究足月胎鼠一般生长发育指标、畸形学指标及后天记忆行为学指标变化。结果４０ｍＷ／ｃｍ２对孕鼠有明显的升温效应，并对胚胎和胎鼠生长发育及其后天的学习记忆功能有明显影响和表现出一定的致畸性；２０ｍＷ／ｃｍ２只有轻微的升温效应，１０ｍＷ／ｃｍ２以下无升温作用，两者均不致畸但亦影响胎鼠后天的学习记忆功能；５ｍＷ／ｃｍ２剂量无上述作用。结论热效应是主要的致畸因素，非热或微热功率的脉冲微波孕期辐照主要影响胎鼠脑功能发育。

Objective To discuss the embryonic devolopmental bioeffects of X band microwave pulses. MethodAfter chronic exposure of microwave with the power densities of 540mW/cm2 during pregnancy (for 20 minutes every other day from the 6th to 16th day of gestation) , prenatal morphology of fetal rats at the end of gestation,postnatal memory behaviors of matured offspring were observed as markers. Results Temperatures of pregnant rats increased obviously in 40mW/cm2 group, but only slightly in 20mW/cm2 and showed no changes in below 10mW/cm2.40mW/cm2 Microwave pulses affected embryonal,fetal growth and development and their postnatal brain functions markedly,showed certain teratogenic effect.20,10mW/cm2 didn't affect morphological development , showed no teratogenic effect, but they affect postnatal functions of learning and memory. 5mW/cm2 has no effect mentioned above. ConclusionsThermal effects were the primary teratogenic factors of microwave.Exposure to power densities which cause no fever or only slight fever during pregnancy mainly affect brain function development in rats fetus.