人脑松果体微血管构筑及其意义

THE MICROVASCULATURE OF HUMAN PINEAL BODY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

研究人脑松果体微血管配布规律及其意义。应用血管内皮染色法和微血管铸型法，在光镜和扫描电镜下观察１０例新生儿松果体微血管构筑。松果体微血管铸型示微动脉较光滑，起始处有环形平滑肌压迹。小叶间隔微血管密度高于小叶实质。毛细血管管径粗细不等，末端呈鼓槌状，可见岛状毛细血管和窦形毛细血管网。松果体静脉表面可见环形平滑肌形成的环形缩窄环，并参与调控松果体的血流量。松果体特殊的微血管形态和配布与松果体细胞结构及其内分泌机制有关。

To study the microvasculature of the pineal gland and its significance the microvasculature of the pineal gland of 10 human neonates was investigated by means of the alkaline phosphatase staining and methacrylate cast under the light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The arteries of pineal gland first branched into a few arterioles in covering membrane and then entered into interlobular connective tissue.The arterioles ran independently and gave off branches which were divided into the capillaries in intralobule.The cast surface of the arterioles was smooth without circular constriction of smooth muscles.The circular anastomoses of arterioles were seen.The capillary density in interlobular tissue was higher than that of intralobular parenchyma.The shape of the capillary was similar to the joint of lotus root with drumstick shaped end.The sinusoidal and islanded capillary of interlobular parenchyma was seen.The arterioles and capillary of interlobular parenchyma were rarely seen.The capillary converged in turn into the postcapillary venula,and ultimately formed into pineal vein. Some circular constrictions were imprinted on the pineal vein.These circular constrictions strongly suggested the occurrence of circular muscles or sphincter in the walls of the vessels,which might regulate and control blood flow of pineal gland.The morphological features and distribution of the microvasculature are related to cellular structure and endocrine mechanism of the pineal gland.