污染物与生物大分子作用的研究方法及进展

Research Methodology and Progress of Interaction between Pollutants and Biomacromolecules

环境污染物进入机体后会首先作用于生物大分子,致使生物大分子的结构发生变化,从而产生一系列的病变作用,因此研究污染物与生物大分子之间的作用有助于深入地阐述污染物的致毒过程,从而全面评价环境污染物的毒性。近年来较常用于研究分子间相互作用的方法有荧光光谱法、平衡透析法、等温滴定微量热法、圆二色谱法、核磁共振、共振光散射等,本文对这些方法在研究污染物和生物大分子之间的结合模型、结合数目、结合位点等方面的研究成果进行了综述,并提出了今后的研究方向。

Environmental pollutants would interact with biological macromolecules firstly after entering into organisms,resulting in changes of the macromolecular structure,and then consequently a series of diseases taken place.Therefore,study of the interaction between pollutants and biological macromolecules is helpful to understand in depth the toxigenicity process,so as to evaluate the pollutants toxicity roundly.Recently many methods such as fluorescence spectrometry,balance dialysis method,isothermal titration trace calorimetry,dichroism method,nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR）and resonance light scattering were commonly used to study the molecular interaction.This paper reviewed these methods researching the pollutants and biomacromolecules in the respects of combination model,combination number and binding sites.The future study direction was suggested.