低植酸玉米自交系的筛选及其遗传分析

Genetic Analysis and Identification of Maize(Zea mays L.) Low Phytic Acid Inbred Lines

【目的】筛选获得低植酸玉米自交系,研究低植酸性状的遗传规律,为低植酸玉米杂交种的选育提供依据。【方法】通过钼酸铵显色法对100份玉米自交系进行测定,将筛选得到的低植酸自交系鲁原92与已知低植酸突变体Lpa/lpa241、Lpa/Lpa241和齐319进行杂交,分析低植酸性状的遗传;并用钼酸铵显色法和植酸含量国标测定法对6个不同来源的齐319、鲁原92及其杂交种进行植酸含量比较分析,同时通过发芽试验对齐319、齐319×Lpa241/lpa241、鲁原92×Lpa241/lpa241、鲁原92×齐319苗期表现进行鉴定分析。【结果】钼酸铵显色法显示,鲁原92的无机磷含量达到0.93μg.mg-1水平,初步确定属于低植酸自交系;其低植酸性状受隐性单基因控制,可能与lpa241等位;齐319在植酸性状上表现杂合性,存在苗期纯合致死现象;齐319×Lpa241/lpa241、鲁原92×Lpa241/lpa241、鲁原92×齐319 F2苗期纯合致死比例相近;不同来源的同一自交系间植酸含量存在显著差异。【结论】筛选得到低植酸自交系1个,分析其低植酸性状为隐性单基因控制,且与lpa241等位。

【Objective】The purpose of this experiment was to provide a theoretical basis for selective breeding of the low phytic acid maize hybrid through screening low phytic acid materials from general maize inbred lines and study the genetic characteristics of low phytic acid trait.【Method】In this study,through using the colorinmetric assay for high inorganic phosphorus（HIP）,kernels from 100 maize inbred lines were indirectly screened respectively.To analyze the genetic characteristics of low-phytic acid trait,the screened Luyuan 92 was hybridized with known low phytic acid mutants Lpa/lpa241,Lpa/Lpa241 and low-phytic acid inbred line Qi 319.Also the phytic acid content of two inbred lines Qi 319,Luyuan 92 and their reciprocal hybrids from six different origins were analysed by modified colorimetric assay and GB technique.The phenotypes of Qi 319,Luyuan 92×Qi 319,Qi 319×Lpa241/lpa241,Luyuan 92×Lpa241/lpa241 seedlings were investigated through germination test.【Result】The inorganic phosphorus content of Luyuan 92 was about 0.93 μg·mg-1,which was higher than that of other materials.According to the screening results of F1 seeds between mutants（L/lpa241） and Qi 319,Luyuan 92,the segregation ratio of HIP type and wild type fit into 1﹕1 respectively,which indicated that its low phytic acid character was controlled by single recessive gene,and was possibly allelic with lpa241.The phytic acid content of the same inbred line from six different origins displayed a significant difference.Qi 319 represented heterozygosity in low phytic acid character and lethal recessive homozygous genotype at seedling stage.【Conclusion】In this study,one maize inbred line with low phytic acid content was obtained.Its low phytic acid trait was predicted preliminarily to be controlled by single recessive gene and was possibly allelic with lpa241.