薇甘菊在深圳湾的入侵路线及其生态特征

Ecological Characters and Invasion Route of Mikania micrantha in Shenzhen Bay

通过对入侵深圳湾沿岸的薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha H.B.K.)野外调查及室内年龄结构的分析,对薇甘菊的自然状况、生境特点、入侵路线的分析,揭示了其在深圳湾的蔓延过程。发现深圳湾沿岸薇甘菊的入侵,是由于中华民俗村的建设,从外地带来的薇甘菊种源,通过中华民俗村逸散到深圳湾。深圳湾地区的拦海造田使海水退去,海水水位下降,红树林底土裸露,薇甘菊种子得以萌发,严重地危害红树林。

Age structure of Mikania micrantha invaded to Shenzhen Bay was analyzed in the laboratory based on the field survey.The present status,habitat characteristics,and invasion route of M.micrantha were analyzed,and the invasion process of M.micrantha was revealed.Results showed that the construction of China Folk Culture Village in Shenzhen resulted in the invasion of M.micrantha seeds brought from other areas.The M.micrantha seeds dispersed outward through the China Folk Culture Village.The cropland newly reclaimed from the enclosing seas resulted in the decline of seawater level.Thereby,the seeds of M.micrantha could germinate in the bare soil in mangrove forests,which caused a great damage to the mangrove forests in Shenzhen Bay.