锰对栽培丹参的生长和丹参酮类物质累积的影响

Effects of Mn on Growth and Tanshinones Accumulation of Cultivated Salviae Miltiorrhizae Bunge.

通过砂培盆栽试验研究了微量元素锰(Mn)对丹参生长、丹参根多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和丹参根中3种丹参酮含量的影响。结果表明,施用适量Mn能促进丹参地上、地下部生长,其中Mn14处理(Mn浓度为14 mg/kg)的丹参地上部和地下部生物量干重最大,分别较Mn0(对照)增加38.08%和19.77%;不过稍高浓度的Mn即对丹参根的伸长显示一定抑制作用。丹参茎叶和根中Mn含量均随着Mn施入量的增加而增加,且各处理丹参茎叶中Mn含量均高于根中Mn含量。较高浓度的Mn(Mn21、Mn28处理)能提高丹参叶片的叶绿素含量,适量施Mn能显著提高丹参根中PPO和POD活性,当施Mn量不超过21 mg/kg时,丹参根中PPO和POD活性随施Mn量的增加而增强,并在施Mn量为21 mg/kg时两种酶的活性均达最高。施Mn还可促进丹参根中丹参酮类物质的累积,丹参体内PPO、POD活性与丹参根中隐丹参酮、丹参酮I和丹参酮ⅡA的含量均呈正相关,其中与隐丹参酮和丹参酮I含量的相关性达到极显著水平。因此,施用适量Mn可显著改善栽培丹参的内在品质。

The effects of applying exogenous Mn on growth,enzyme（PPO and POD） activities and tanshinones accumulation of cultivated Salviae Miltiorrhizae Bunge were studied under condition of sand culture.The results showed that exogenous Mn promoted the growth of shoot and root under suitable applied amount of Mn.The biomass dry weight of the shoot and root in the treatment under 14 mg/kg of Mn concentration were both the highest,which were 38.08% and 19.77% higher than that of Mn0 treatment respectively.Little higher Mn concentration could inhibit root growth.Mn concentrations in steam,leaf and root increased with the increase of Mn applied,and Mn concentrations in steams and leaves were higher than that in roots.Chlorophyll contents in leaf increased under higher Mn concentrations（21 mg/kg and 28 mg/kg）.Proper Mn application could increased the activities of PPO and POD,which increased with the increase of Mn concentration as Mn applied doses did not exceed 21 mg/kg.Mn application could also promote the accumulation of three tanshinones in roots.Activities of PPO and POD were positively correlated with three tanshinones contents in roots,especially with Cryptotanshinone and Tanshinone I.Thus,proper amount of Mn fertilizer could improved obviously the quality of Salviae miltiorrhizae bunge.