土壤肥力对烤烟不同部位中性香气成分含量的影响

Effect of Neutral Aroma Components in Stalk Positions Under Different Fertility Conditions for Flue-cured Tobacco

以烤烟(Nicotiana tabacum L.)品种中烟100为材料,通过田间试验研究了土壤肥力对烤烟不同部位中性香气成分含量的影响,并对不同肥力条件下烤烟各部位烟叶进行单料烟感官评吸鉴定。结果表明,类胡萝卜素类降解产物总量在中部叶(腰叶、上二棚)及顶叶以高肥力条件下较高;茄酮含量在除顶叶外均以低肥力条件下较高,顶叶以高肥力条件下含量较高;非酶棕色化反应产物总量在烟株的大部分位置高、中肥力处理间没有显著差异;芳香族氨基酸类降解产物总量在除底脚叶外的其他部位均以高肥力处理最高,中肥力处理次之,低肥力处理最低;新植二烯含量在下部叶以中肥力条件下最高,其他部位以高肥力条件下最高;在烟株的中部高、中肥条件下烟叶的除新植二烯外香气物质总量无显著差异,在顶叶高肥力条件下香气物质总量显著高于中肥力。评吸结果以中肥力条件下腰叶得分最高。综合认为,中肥力土壤有利于生产出优质烟叶。

Field experiment was carried out in Xiangcheng to study the effect of neutral aroma components in stalk positions under different fertility conditions for flue-cured tobacco leaves and the differences in the sensory evaluation on aroma quality of a tobacco（Nicotiana tabacum L） cultivar Zhongyan100.The results showed that tobacco leaves from higher fertility conditions had high levels of carotenoid catabolite in the middle and upper positions.The content of solanone from lower fertility condition had high levels in all stalk positions except upper leaves,in which position the content of solanone from higher fertility condition had high levels.The content of maillard reaction in tobacco leaves from higher and lower fertility conditions had no significant differences in most positions.The content of phenylalanine cracking from higher fertility conditions had the highest levels,followed by middle and lower fertility conditions in all stalk positions except lugs.The contents of neophytadiene had high levels in lower position from middle fertility condition and in other positions from higher fertility conditions had high levels.There were no significant differences in the total content of volatile aroma matter except neoplytadiene with higher and middle fertility conditions in the middle positions of tobacco,which had significant differences in upper leaves.The middle leaves from middle fertility conditions had the highest score of sensory evaluation.In summary,the middle nitrogen level should be the optimum level to attain the highest quality of tobacco.