有机螯合剂及其环保型品种的开发

Development of organic chelating agent and environment friendly varieties

1/2左右的染整加工疵品是因为水质中的碱土金属和重金属产生的.通过实践知道解决的办法是在前处理、染色、印花和后整理工艺配方中添加螯合剂以去除有害金属离子.从螯合剂的络合稳定常数lg K和螯合容量2大指标性参数的有关问题入手,介绍氨基羧酸类、膦酸盐类、羟基羧酸类、氨基酸类和聚羧酸类5大有机螯合剂.重点评述因生态环保问题将退出市场的氨基三乙酸钠(NTA)、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、二乙烯三胺五乙酸(DTPA)和取而代之的有机膦酸盐类螯合剂.虽然在制备过程中涉及甲醛,但如经妥善处理,残留在纺织品上的甲醛含量将低于国内外有关法规的限量,而且不会造成水体富营养化.

About half of dyeing and finishing defective products derived from alkaline-earth metals and heavy metals in water.The solution was found through the practice to remove hazardous metal ions by adding chelating agent in the formulation of pretreatment,dyeing,printing and finishing process.Staring with the relative problems of complex stability constants of chelating agent and chelating capacity indicating parameters,amino acid type,phosphate salts,hydroxyl carboxylic acids,amino acids and polycarboxylic acid five major chelating agents were introduced.Organic phosphate salts chelating agent was mainly reviewed,which would replace amino triethylene sodium（NTA）,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid（EDTA） and diethylenetriamine penta acetic acid（DTPA） being out of market due to ecological and environmental protection issues.Although there is formaldehyde in the preparation procedure,if properly handled,the residual formaldehyde content in textiles would be lower than the limit of domestic and foreign laws and regulations,and would not cause water eutrophication.