基层医院住院患者医院感染调查分析

Inpatients with nosocomial infection in grass-roots hospital:investigation and analysis

目的分析住院患者医院感染的易感因素、病原菌分布及药物敏感情况,为有效控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法对广州地区某二甲医院2007年11月-2009年10月住院患者进行回顾性调查分析。结果 2年住院患者发生医院感染率1.52%,例次感染率1.76%,发病密度1.84‰;感染部位以呼吸道为首,科室感染率以重症监护病房最高;病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主占63.59%;革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南敏感率>80.00%,发现对万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药菌株。结论医院感染监测的目标科室是ICU、肿瘤科、呼吸科,医院感染病原菌主要是革兰阴性杆菌,临床用药应根据药敏结果合理使用抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the susceptible factors, distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogens on nosocomial infection of inpatients in primary hospital to provide scientific evidence for nosocomial infection control. METHODS By using the retrospective method, all inpatients hospital from Nov 2007 to Oct. 2009 were surveyed and analyzed. RESULTS The infection rate was 1.52%, and the case-time infection rate was 1.76%, the incidence density rate was1.84%o. The common infection site was respiratory tract. The major bacteria were Gram-negative bacilli（63. 59%） the sensitivity rate of which to impenem was more than 80. 00%. No strain resistant to vancomycin and linezolid was found. CONCLUSION The focal monitoring departments are ICU, cancer division and respiratory division. Rational use of antibiotics based on the drug sensitivity test can reduce the fungal infection and drug resistance and held to prevent and control the nosocomial infection effectively.