学术与人生的贯通——王国维“忧生诗学”与诗学话语的创构

The linking-up of Learning and life——WANG Guo-wei's Poetics of Worrying about Common People and the Setting-up of the Discourse in His Poetics

所谓"忧生诗学",乃是基于王国维将人生问题的探问与学术活动相贯通的诗学追求而言的。其内在动力为"忧生情怀";"形上之思"使王国维发现人生苦痛之因及解脱的审美途径;文学的审美解脱功能得之于"境界"的创造,"境界"的创造则来自于"有境界"的创作主体;通过提升创作主体之境界,创造出"有境界"的文艺作品,从而提升读者之境界,最终实现人生痛苦之解脱,寄托了王国维遥深的审美理想。

The so-called ＂poetics of worrying about common people＂ is based on the pursuance for a type of poetics featured by the linking-up of WANG Guo-wei＇s inquiry into the issues of human life and his academic activities, the internal motive power of which is his ＂feelings of concerning himself with the common people＂; WANG＇s metaphysical thinking made him discover the reasons for human agony and the aesthetical channels for the freedom from the agony. The aesthetical function of freeing oneself from agony results from the creation of ＂the plane intended＂, which comes from the subject of creation, who has obtained such a plane. By way of enhancing the ＂plane intended＂ of the related subject of creation, literary and artistic works boasting a high plane can be created so as to elevate the readers plane and finally realize the freedom from human agony, which embodies the far-reaching and deep-going aesthetic ideal of WANG Guo-wei＇s.