中国传统哲学关于“天人合一”的五种思想路线

Five Ideological Lines of the Conception of "Man Being an Integral Part of Nature" in Chinese Classical Philosophy

中国传统哲学思想的主流是天人合一。纵观中国古代哲学,其关于"天人合一"的思想路线可厘析为五种,即"尽心—知性—知天"的内省察路线、"制天命而用之"的外行动路线、阴阳五行的宇宙系统论路线、"通天下一气"的宇宙生成论路线、"道通天地"的本体论路线。这五种思想路线在总体上都是关于天与人的结合、统一,但在具体论述时则有侧重,其中有些论述的哲学意味较差。

The mainstream theory of Chinese traditional philosophy is the conception of ＂man being an integral part of nature＂.An overview of Chinese ancient philosophy shows that the ideological line of ＂man being an integral part of nature＂ can re-classified into five sub-lines,namely,the introspective line of ＂clean mind—knowledge of mind—knowledge of nature＂,the external action line of ＂utilizing nature by controlling its law＂,the Yin and Yang line of cosmos theory of the universe,the generative theory line of ＂the whole world as one air＂ and the ontology line of ＂the Tao governing nature＂.All the five sub-lines point generally to combination and integration between man and nature,only they laid stress on different specific aspects and some of them lacked philosophic implications.