公共管理论域中的“大问题”研究

On "Great Issues" in the World of Public Administration

基于学科发展的滞后和认同压力,以美国为代表的公共管理学目前仍处于基本理论的重建时期,"大问题"研究从一个侧面反映了人们为此所做的努力。自20世纪末提出并引起首轮争议后,"大问题"研究不仅继续在基本理论层次保持着对普遍性问题的兴趣,而且在分支学科和部门管理领域得以延伸或拓展,演变成公共管理论域中具有显示性的专门议题。新世纪公共管理论域中的"大问题"研究具有三个主要倾向或特点:第一,基于对基本理论问题在学科建设中重要地位的认同,寻求并回答普适于整个公共管理系统的一般性大问题;第二,认识到起点或观察维度对研究结论的影响,试图以方法论改进为手段提升公共管理大问题的研究效率;第三,意识到普遍性和特殊性的依存关系,将研究论域延伸或拓展到公共管理的分支学科和应用领域,以期通过微观和具体现象的分析为普遍性大问题研究创造条件。"大问题"研究的理论和实践价值已初步呈现,它对于深受经验主义和功利主义影响的中国公共管理学的发展也具有启迪意义。

Since being introduced and arousing the first turn of dispute,study of ＂great issues＂ continues to maintain general concern in discussions of basic theory and has evolved into a prominent special subject in the world of public administration after being continuously extended into sub-branches and departments of administration.In the new century,study of ＂great issues＂ in the field of public administration presents three major trends： First,it attempts to respond to some general great issues concerning the whole of public administration system based on a recognition of the leading places of basic theory in disciplinary construction;secondly,since it understands effects of the starting point and viewpoint of observation on results of study,it tries to improve efficiency of study of great issues in public administration by improving the means of study;finally,being aware of the inter-dependent relationship between generality and specialty,it tends to extend the domain of concern to sub-branches and applied fields of public administration.With the initial presentation of its theoretical and practical value,study of ＂great issues＂ is of enlightening significance to empiricism-stricken and utilitarianism-stricken Chinese science of public administration.