论WTO法下的中国法制变化

On the Changes of Chinese Legal System for Implementing the WTO Laws

中国入世后在WTO法的约束下,较快地完成了将WTO法转化为大量国内法的艰巨任务。中国入世所引起的国内法制的直接变化和法治观念的间接变化,不亚于30多年前中国法制的重建。WTO法所包括的协定尚无具有国际法效力的中文本,对于国内实施带来诸多困难,但是,中国依然通过对应式、归纳式和分散式三种国内立法转化WTO法而履行了实施义务,并由此促进了中国法制透明度的增强与法治观念的变化。诚然,就国际法与国内法的关系而言,为了进一步适应WTO法,中国《宪法》的缔约规定亟待修改,WTO法在国内的司法解释应予进一步规范,立法解释与司法解释的关系应予理顺。

With the binding force of the WTO laws and within the short period of time,China has transformed the WTO laws into many domestic laws after its accession into the WTO. It makes direct changes of Chinese legal system and indirect changes of legal ideas,which are very significant after three decades of reestablishment of legal regime in China. The WTO laws,including many agreements,have no Chinese version with binding force of international law,which makes domestic implementation in China very difficult,but China has carried out its obligation to implement the WTO laws by three ways of domestic legislation,i.e.,transformation of corresponding the particular agreement,of inducing relevant agreements and of dispersing the special agreement or article into Chinese laws. These transformations promote transparency of Chinese legal system and changes of the legal ideas. However,further improvements shall be taken to meet the requirements of WTO laws from the perspective of relation between international law and domestic law.