赣西北地区森林大型真菌区系成分初步分析

Preliminary Analysis on Macrofungi Mycobiota in Forest of Northwest Jiangxi,China

通过对赣西北地区森林大型真菌资源进行调查和区系分析,共确认隶属于子囊菌门和担子菌门的大型真菌216种,分属于42科82属。其中种类最多的科是多孔菌科,有33种;其次为红菇科30种,口蘑科和牛肝菌科各有20种,鹅膏菌科11种。该5个科占赣西北森林大型真菌总科数的11.91%,种数占总种数的52.78%。种数(包括种下单位)较多的属有红菇属(18种)、小皮伞属(12种)、乳菇属(12种)、牛肝菌属(10种)、鹅膏属(9种)、丝盖伞属(8种)、栓菌属(7种)和小菇属(5种)。属的区系地理成分可分为世界分布成分、泛热带成分、热带亚洲—热带美洲成分、热带亚洲—热带非洲成分、北温带成分、地中海区—西亚至中亚成分和东亚—北美洲成分,分析结果表明赣西北森林大型真菌的属以广布成分为主,其次为热带成分与北温带成分。

Taxonomic and flora analyses on macrofungi in northwest Jiangxi province were conducted. To- tal 216 species of macrofungi can be classified into 82 genera, 42 families and 216 divisions （Ascomycota and Basidiomycota）. The most dominant family is Polyporaceae, including 33 species; the second is Russulaceae, 30 species; the next is Tricholomataceae and Boletaceae, 20 species respectively; the following is Amanitaceae, 11 species. These five families account for only 11.91% of all 42 families of the silvan macrofungi in northwest Jiangxi province, but the number of species account for 52.78 % of all species. Considering the number of species （and lower taxon than species） included, the dominant gen- era are： Russula （18 species）, Marasmius （12 species）, Lactarius （12 species）, Boletus （10 species）, Amanita （9 species）, Inocybe （8 species）, Trametes （7 species）, Mycena （5 species）. Regarding the floristic geographcial element composition, the genera can be grouped into： Cosmopolitans, Pan-tropic elements, Tropical Asia ＆ Tropical America, Tropical Asia ＆ Tropical Africa, North Temper- ate, Mediterranean sea --Western Asia -- Center Asia elements and Eastern Asia -- Northern America. It showed that the genera of silvan macrofungi in northwest Jiangxi are largely cosmopolitan, whereafter are tropical and temperate floristic elements.