海洋矢量噪声场试验研究

Experimental research on an ocean vector noise field

为实现对近岸矢量声呐系统性能的预言,以近岸浅海试验为基础,对单矢量传感器噪声测量的基本理论做验证与分析.近岸港口区域,在无舰船螺旋桨噪声的情况下,声压与质点振速间保持较弱的相关性.由于垂直振速通道受海面风成波浪影响,相对于水平振速通道,与声压通道保持更低的相关性.相对于海洋动力噪声场,有限点源产生的相干声场的声压振速保持较好的相位相干性.在抑制各向同性噪声干扰方面,振速谱处理与有功声强器较之于单纯的声压谱处理,分别有5dB与10dB左右的背景噪声抑制能力.配合矢量传感器自身的水下方位信息,复声强器可以较出色的的对声源方位做出估计.近距单频声信号目标方位估计的标准差为4.5°.

For the purpose of predicting the performance of a near-shore vector sonar system,and based on sea trials in near-shore and shallow water conditions,basic theories on noise measurement of a single vector sensor were verified and analyzed.In the near-shore port zone,without the propeller noise,the correlation between sound pressure and particle velocity turned out to be independent.Because of the interference of wind waves from the sea surface,compared with horizontal channels,the vertical velocity channel maintained a weaker correlation with the pressure channel.Compared with marine self-noise field,phase coherence between pressure and velocity was higher in the finite point source sound field.Regarding the suppression of isotropic noise and compared with simple pressure spectrum processing,about 5dB and 10dB of background noise suppression ability were obtainable for velocity spectrum processing and the plural acoustic intensity average.Combined with underwater azimuth information of the vector sensor,the plural acoustic intensity average can estimate the direction of the source perfectly.Standard deviation of estimation results on a continuous wave was 4.5 degrees in a short distance.