钱塘江河口污染负荷估算方法及其应用

Estimation Method of Pollution Load in Qiantang Estuary and Its Application

根据钱塘江河口的特点,提出其污染负荷由富春江电站下泄的背景负荷、河口区面源污染负荷与点源负荷3部分组成。根据3部分负荷的排入特点,提出了简便、适宜的污染负荷计算方法,并计算了2007,2008年的CODMn、NH3N与TP的入江负荷量。污染负荷计算结果表明,富春江电站下泄的水体量大,但携带的污染负荷相对较小,是钱塘江干流维持较好水质的主要有利因素;点源排放的污水量所占比例最小,但其所占污染负荷比例较高;面源污染也是主要的负荷贡献者。研究结果为钱塘江河口纳污总量控制与水环境管理决策提供依据。

Analyzing the characteristics of the Qiantang Estuary,the paper proposes that its pollution load is composed of three sources,namely the background load from the Fuchunjiang Hydropower Plant,area source pollution load and point source pollution load of the estuarine region.A convenient and suitable computing method was used to calculate the load of CODMn,NH3N and TP in 2007 and 2008.The results show that the discharge from the Fuchunjiang Hydropower Plant was large in volume with relatively smaller pollution load,contributing favorably to the maintenance of water quality of the main stream Qiantang River.The point source sewage was the lowest in volume,while accounting for a high proportion of pollution load.The area source pollution load was also a major load contributor.The study can be of referential value to the volume control of pollutant receiving capacity in the Qiantang Estuary and the decision making of water environment management.