论法官能动司法的功能和规制

On the Function and Regulation of Judicial Activism

能动司法已成为理论界和实务界讨论的热点。司法能动主义的源头在美国,与其联邦最高法院的司法实践紧密联系。在中国,能动司法是由决策者自上而下、回应社会需求而提出的,并贯彻到各级法院的司法实践活动中。从现有的理论研究成果来看,关于能动司法的概括或解释是多元化的。在我国司法大改革的背景下,法官发挥司法能动性有利于填补法律缺陷、提高司法效率、实现司法公正和树立积极主动、司法为民的基本理念。但是,也必须正视法官能动司法的两面性,可以通过完善立法、构建司法能动制度和推进法官职业化建设来规制法官能动司法的实施,以保障司法公正的最终实现。

Judicial activism in China has been a hotspot discussed by theorists and judicial practitioners. It originated in America, relating to the practice of the Supreme Court. In China, in order to cope with social needs, judicial activism is put forward by the decision maker from top to bottom, and is carried out in the practice of courts at all levels. Judging from existing results, generalizations and explains about judicial activism are multiple. On the background of judicial reforms, the exertion of judicial activism will be beneficial to fill up legal flaw, improve judicial efficiency and realize judicial equity. It will also be beneficial to build up the philosophy about initiating action and judicature for the people. At the same time, we should acknowledge the two-sidedness of judicial activism. It can be regulated through legis lative improvement, construction about system of judicial activism and promotion to judicial professionalism, which would ensure the reality of judicial equity.