广州市儿童感染性腹泻流行因素分析

Analysis of epidemiological factors of childhood infectious diarrhea in Guangzhou City

目的了解广州市儿童感染性腹泻流行因素,为有效开展该类疾病的监测与防控提供科学依据。方法采用病例对照研究,选取545例儿童感染性腹泻患者作为病例组,并进行1:1条件匹配;采用统一设计的调查表进行调查;采用单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析筛选可能的危险因素。结果单因素分析差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)的变量有饭前洗手、便后洗手、零食前洗手、剪手指甲、剩饭菜放置方式、剩饭菜加热;多因素分析进入模型有统计学意义(P<0.05)的变量为饭前洗手、剪手指甲、剩饭菜的放置方式,OR值分别为0.788(95%CI=0.653～0.951)、0.715(0.575～0.890)1、.292(1.051～1.588)。结论饭前洗手、剪指甲、剩饭菜的放置与感染性腹泻的发病和流行有关,加强健康教育可以预防感染性腹泻的发生。

Objective To explore the risk factors of childhood diarrhea disease in Guangzhou City and to provide scientific evidence for the establishment of disease control and prevention.Methods A 1∶1 match case-control study was conducted.545 cases with diarrhea disease were enrolled.Each case was matched with a normal controls of similar age（no more than 2 years）,no diarrhea disease in two weeks before the interviews in the same district.The interviews were carried out with uniform questionnaires.The risk factors of diarrhea disease were analyzed by means of simple and multiple conditional Logistic regression analysis.Results Simple analysis showed that the factors such as hand-washing before meals（snacks） and after toilet,manicure,placement of leftovers and heating up leftovers before meals were significantly associated with diarrhea disease（P〈0.05）.Multivariate analysis showed that hand-washing before meals（OR=0.788,95% CI=0.653～0.951）,manicure（OR=0.715,95% CI=0.575～0.890） and placement of leftovers（OR=1.292,95% CI=1.051～1.588） were significantly associated with diarrhea disease respectively.Conclusions Three factors were related to the occurence and epidemic of infectious diarrhea,such as hand-washing before meals,manicure and placement of leftovers.Promoting health education can prevent the occurrence of infectious diarrhea.