新兵人群W135群流行性脑脊髓膜炎抗体水平回顾性血清流行病学调查

A retrospective seroepidemiology study of serogroup W135 epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis antibody level in the population of recruits

目的了解新兵人群W135群流脑IgG抗体的流行分布情况,为今后预防工作提供科学依据。方法运用血清流行病学调查方法,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)技术,对北京军区空军近4年来自7个省市的360名新兵血清进行了W135群流脑IgG抗体检测,统计分析其阳性率。结果发现各年间新兵血清W135群流脑IgG抗体差异有统计学意义,不同省市阳性率为37.04%～64.44%,平均为50.83%;抗体含量为0.00～100.31μg/ml,平均(3.96±7.44)μg/ml;地区间差异有统计学意义,浙江省(64.44%)、内蒙古(62.75%)和陕西省(57.50%)较高,河南省(37.04%)和北京市(40.00%)较低;入伍前工作与否,其抗体阳性检出率有差异,但没有统计学意义;差别的主要原因可能与各地区隐性感染和时间长短有关。结论入伍新兵人群W135群流脑IgG抗体阳性率地区差异显著。新兵入伍期间,应采取预防接种、健康教育等措施来预防流行性脑脊髓炎的流行。

Objective This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of serogroup W135 epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis antibody IgG in recruits,so as to provide scientific evidence for further prevention and control of the disease.Methods A seroepidemiological study was conducted by using Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay（ELISA）,serum samples of 360 recruits,who came from 7 provinces during the past four years,were tested to detect serogroup W135 epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis antibody IgG and the overall positive rate was analysed statistically.Results There was significant difference in serum serogroup W135 epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis antibody IgG levels among in each years,the positive rate ranged from 37.04% to 64.44% with a average rate of 50.83%;content of antibody ranged from 0.00 μg/ml to 100.31 μg/ml with an average content of（3.96±7.44）μg/ml;regional difference existed.The higher level were found in recruits from Zhejiang（64.44%）,Neimenggu（62.75%） and Shanxi（57.50%）,and lower level from Henan（37.04%） and Beijing（40.00%）.There was no significant correlation between the antibody IgG positive rate and education or occupation background of the recruits before their recruitment.The main reason for this difference might be related to the rate and time of hidden infect in different regions.Conclusions The positive rate of serogroup W135 epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis antibody IgG varied significantly between provinces.Vaccination should be necessary for the recruits to prevent encephalomyelitis spreading.