北京市10家医院室内空气PM_(2.5)监测报告

Indoor air concentrations of PM_(2.5) in 10 hospitals in Beijing

目的:为了解《北京市公共场所禁止吸烟范围若干规定》的执行情况并为其效果评估提供基线数据,了解医院室内空气PM2.5浓度。方法:以方便抽样的方法在北京市选取10家三级医院进行PM2.5浓度监测。每家医院选取候诊大厅、内科病房楼道、外科病房楼道及男卫生间4个监测点,于上午和下午门诊时间各进行一次监测,另外选取6个无烟办公室作为对照组。PM2.5浓度值进行对数转换呈正态分布后用SPSS13.0软件进行数据统计分析。结果:10家医院无烟办公室、候诊大厅、内科病房楼道、外科病房楼道和男卫生间的PM2.5浓度,分别为37.0,35.9,42.1,44.8和115.0μg/m3。在78个监测点中,17个监测点PM2.5的平均浓度均在100μg/m3以上,浓度最高的监测点在男卫生间为366.7μg/m3。与无烟办公室相比,只有男卫生间PM2.5浓度显著高于无烟办公室PM2.5浓度,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对无烟医院和非无烟医院的4类监测点分别进行比较发现,只有非无烟医院内科病房PM2.5浓度较无烟医院的低,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他监测点差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:医院中男卫生间PM2.5浓度最高,是无烟办公室浓度的10倍,是控烟工作的重点。

Objective：To investigate the concentrations of PM2.5 in hospitals after smoking ban in Bei-jing.Methods：Using a Convenience sampling,we select ten smoke-free hospitals to monitor the concentrations of PM2.5 and choose four monitoring points（waiting hall、passageway of medical ward、passageway of surgical ward、male washroom） in each hospital.Detect the monitoring points in the morning and afternoon outpatient hours.In addition,we select six smoke-free offices as controls.PM2.5 data is initially transformed for analysis by a logarithmic transformation by SPSS 13.0.Results：In the ten hospitals,the average concentrations of PM2.5 of smoke-free office、waiting hall、passageway of medical ward、passageway of surgical ward、male washroom are 37.0,35.9,42.1,44.8 and 115.0 μg/m3 respectively.PM2.5 concentrations in 17 monitoring points＇ average are above 100 μg/3 in 78 monitoring points.The highest concentration monitoring point is male washroom reached 366.7 μg/m3.Only the average concentrations of PM2.5 in male washroom is significant higher than in smoke-free office,and there are significant difference between two groups（P 0.05）.We find that only the av-erage concentrations of PM2.5 of passageway of medical ward in smoking hospital is lower than smoke-free hospi-tals and there are significant difference between two groups（P 0.05）.Conclusion：The highest average con-centration of monitoring point is male washroom,the concentration was ten times than in smoke-free office,therefore male washroom is the key of tobacco control.