2010年西安地区手足口病病原血清型分析及隐性感染状况调查

目的分析西安地区2010年引起手足口病（HFMD）的肠道病毒血清型和调查HFMD高发的6月、7月健康儿童携带肠道病毒核酸情况，为HFMD防治提供依据。方法2010年4至9月，在西安市所属13个区县，每月采集临床诊断HFMD患儿的肛拭子标本，同时，在西安市儿童医院采集临床诊断为重症、危重症HFMD病例标本，以及采集高发的6月和7月健康儿童肛拭子标本进行病原学分析，研究西安地区2010年HFMD病原构成和健康儿童病原携带情况。结果2010年西安地区共报告HFMD23439例，病原EV71占24．81％、CA16占55．04％、非EV71和非CA16的其它肠道病毒占20．16％；EV717、8月所占比例增高；EV71占重症病例病原的75．71％；农村、城市健康儿童肠道病毒核酸阳性率分别为9．68％和3．51％。结论2010年西安地区HFMD病例数较2009年增加，病原以CAl6为主，重症病例主要由EV71引起，农村健康儿童携带肠道病毒与城市儿童差异无统计学意义。

Objective To observe the main serotype of the enteroviruses causing hand - foot - month disease of 2010 in Xihn, and to survey the inapparent infection of enterovirus in healthy children. Methods Samples were collected from the clinical confirmed HFMD cases of the 13 districts and counties in Xi＇an from April to September in 2010, and from healthy children in June and July, from severe cases from February to September; the enterovirus serotypes were analysed. Result By the end of September, there were 23439 HFMD cases reported, and viral serotyping 24. 81% were EV71 and 55.04% were CA16. EV71 caused 75.71% severe eases, 9. 68% and 3. 51% of the healthy children carried enterovirus in rural and urban area respectively. Conclusion The HFMD cases increased significantly and CA16 is the main pathogen of HFMD of Xi＇an in 2010 and EV71 is the main pathogen of severe cases, and there is no statistical difference about inapparent infection in the healthy children in rural and urban area.