儿童肺炎支原体肺炎235例临床分析

目的探讨儿童肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）的流行病学特点及临床诊断治疗。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2009年12月收治的235例MPP患儿临床资料，分析MPP流行病学特点、症状、体征及临床诊断治疗。结果儿童MPP发病呈逐年增高趋势，男女之间发病差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；高发年龄为5～9岁；MPP主要高发月份为冬春季（12月一次年5月）；发热主要为高热，肺部表现主要为咳嗽、咳痰和干湿哕音，肺外表现主要为消化系统、神经系统和心血管系统症状，临床表现在性别问的差异无统计学意义；235例均治愈，无后遗症和死亡病例，住院时间8～20d，平均（14．5±2．8）d。结论儿童MPP发病呈逐年增高趋势，好发于5～10岁，高发季节为冬春季，主要表现为高热、咳嗽、咳痰和干湿哕音等，大环内酯类抗生素是有效的治疗药物。

Objective To study the epidemiology, clinical diagnosis and treatment of mycoplasmal pneumonia in children. Methods Clinical Data of 235 cases of mycoplasmal pneumonia from Jan 2004 to Dec 2009 were systematically and retrospectively analyzed. The epidemiology, manifestations and treatments were reviewed. Results Mycoplasmal pneumonia in children increased with years, the differences of gender in years had no statistics significance （P 〉 0. 05） ; the high incidence age were 5 - 10 years, the differences of gender in ages had no statistics significance （ P 〉 O. 05 ） ; the most frequent moths were winter and spring; hyperpyrexia was the most popular, cough, expectoration, rales and rhonchi were the most popular manifestations in lung, while they were manifestations of digestive system, nervous system and cardiovascular system out of lung, these manifestations wasn＇t statistics different （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. All cases were healed with no sequelae and deaths. Lengths of stay in hospital were 8 - 20 days （ Mean 14. 5 ± 2. 8 days）. Conclusions The incidence of Mycoplasmal pneumonia in children increased with years. It is common in winter and spring at the age of 5 - 10 years. The most popular manifestations are hyperpyrexia, cough, expectoration, rales and rhonchi. The macrolide antibiotics is effective in the treatment of Mycoplasmal pneumonia.