青少年世故性移情与亲社会行为的关系

Relations between sophistication and prosocial behavior in adolescents

目的考察青少年世故性、移情与亲社会行为的关系,检验移情在世故性与亲社会行为间的中介作用。方法采用儿童马基雅维里主义量表(KMS)、基本移情量表(BES)以及长处与困难问卷(SDQ),对郑州市101名中学生进行调查。结果男、女生的世故性、移情及亲社会行为得分差异均无统计学意义;初二学生世故性得分显著高于初一和初三学生(P值均<0.05),初三学生的移情得分与亲社会行为得分(P<0.01)均显著高于初一学生(P<0.05或P<0.01);世故性、移情及亲社会行为间存在显著相关(P<0.05或P<0.01);移情在世故性与亲社会行为间存在中介作用,中介效应占总效应的比例为36.38%。结论初二学生在初中3个年级中世故性得分最高,移情与亲社会行为水平随年龄增长而提高;世故性、移情及亲社会行为间的关系密切,世故性通过移情影响亲社会行为。

Objective To explore the relations among sophistication, empathy and prosocial behavior, and to test the mediator effect of empathy between sophistication and prosocial behavior. Methods The Kiddie Machiavellianism Scale, Basic Empathy and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire were used to investigate 101 adolescents. Results There were not significant gender differences in sophistication, empathy and prosocial behavior （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; students of grade 8 had higher scores in sophistication than students of grade 7 and 9 （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; students of grade 9 had higher scores in empathy and prosocial behavior than students of grade 7 （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Sophistication, empathy and prosocial behavior were significantly correlated with each other（ P 〈0.01 ）. Empathy had total mediator effect between sophistication and prosocial behavior, the percentage of mediator effect was 36.38%. Conclusion The gender differences is not significant in three variables; eider scored higher in the levels of empathy and proso- cial behavior titan junior, but the students of grade 8 show a more sophisticated understanding; empathy has mediator effect between sophistication and prosocial behavior.