广州市学龄儿童血铅水平分析

Investigation on Blood Lead Level among school-aged children in Guangzhou

目的探讨学龄儿童血铅水平与学习成绩之间的相关性,为建立和完善相关法律法规提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法调查广州市白云区、荔湾区和增城市1 570名6～14岁儿童的血铅水平和学习成绩,并进行相关分析。结果广州市学龄儿童血铅中位数为58.00μg/L,其中高于铅中毒诊断标准100μg/L的比例是2.40%,男生血铅水平高于女生(Z=-9.033,P<0.001),在部分年级血铅水平与成绩呈负相关(r三年级=-0.154,P三年级=0.016;r六年级=-0.139,P六年级=0.038)。结论广州市学龄儿童血铅水平在国内处于较低水平,但仍高于发达国家。儿童血铅水平与儿童学习成绩的相关性尚需进一步研究。

Objective To explore the relationship between children blood lead level and academic achievement, and to provide scientific evidence for establishing or modifying the related law or rules. Methods Blood lead level, academic achievement and the relationship between them were investigated among 1 570 children aged 6 -14 years. The investigation was carried out in Baiyun district, Liwan district and Zengcheng city of Guangzhou. Results The median blood lead level was 58.00μg/L, and 2.40% of the children were found with a blood lead lever ≥ 100 μg/L. Blood lead level of boys was higher than girls （Z = -9. 033,P 〈 0. 001 ）. The children＇s blood lead level was negatively correlated with the academic achievement in some grades （ rgrade tree = - 0.154,P = 0. 016, grade six = 0. 139, P = 0. 038 ）. Conclusion The blood lead level are relatively low among children in Guangzhou but still higher than that in some developed countries. More evidence is needed to prove the association between blood lead level and academic achievement in children.