智力残疾学生体质运动干预效果评价

Effects of exercise intervention on physical fitness in youth with mental retardation

目的探讨运动干预对智力残疾学生身体形态、生理功能的影响,为改善智力残疾学生体质提供依据。方法采用体质监测、文献资料调研和数理统计、对比分析等方法,将北京市3所培智学校87名智力残疾学生随机分为干预组与对照组,分别测试运动干预前、后身体形态、生理功能、身体素质与平衡能力指标。结果实施运动干预12个月后,干预组身体形态各项指标均略高于对照组,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);2组生理功能指标、握力及立定跳远指标差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);单足闭眼及单足睁眼时间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论运动干预使智力残疾学生的身体形态有"更强壮"的趋势,可显著提高智力残疾学生的身体生理功能及上、下肢肌肉力量。

Objective To demonstrate the effects of exercise intervention on physical fitness of mental disabled youth, and to provide bases for improving their physical constitution. Methods Eighty-seven mentally retarded young people were randomly divided into two groups, the indices were tested before and after exercise intervention. Results After 12 months exercise intervention, physical morphological indices were higher than the control（ P 〉0.05 ）. There were statistical difference between two groups on physical function, grip and standing-for-jumping（ P 〈0.05 ） but no difference between eye-closed and single-legged standing or eye-open and single-legged standing. Conclusion The exercise intervention on the mentally retarded young people have the physical form of ＂ stronger＂ trend, exercise intervention can significantly increase the physical functions, muscle strength and static balance ability of youth with mental retardation.