北京市2005年学生视力不良状况分析

Prevalence and analysis of poor eyesight among students in Beijing in 2005

目的了解北京市学生视力不良情况以及变化趋势,为保护青少年视力提供参考依据。方法按照2005年《全国学生体质与健康调查研究检测细则》的要求,采用整群随机抽样方法,选取北京市6～22岁9 651名学生进行检测。结果 2005年北京市学生视力不良检出率为55.5%(5 352/9 651),视力不良检出率较2000年提高了17.81个百分点,差异有统计学意义(χ2=534.500,P=0.000)。其中男生为51.2%,女生为59.7%,女生视力不良检出率高于男生(2χ=70.715,P=0.000)。城市学生视力不良检出率为63.4%,乡村学生为44.9%,城市学生高于乡村学生(χ2=328.500,P=0.000)。随着年龄和学段增加,学生视力不良检出率呈增长趋势(2χ趋=1 734.694,P=0.000)。结论北京市学生视力不良检出率随年龄和学段的增加呈持续上升趋势。视力不良防治重点人群为女生和城市学生。

Objective To evaluate the present eyesight conditions of the students in Beijing, and to provide information and evidence for eyesight protection among teenage students. Methods This investigation on eyesight was performed according to the Detailed Measurement Rules about Investigation of Chinese Students＂ Constitution and Health, and 9 651 students （ aged 6 - 22 ） were randomly selected and field investigated in Bei- jing. Results The prevalence of poor eyesight of students in Beijing in 2005 was 55. 5 % （ 5 352/9 651） , increased 17. 81point of perceutage compared with the results of 2000, there was significant statistical difference （X^2 = 534.5, P = 0. 000 ）. The prevalence of poor eyesight among male students was 51.2 % （ 2 461/4 808 ） compared with female students was 59.7 % （ 2 891/4 843 ） , which had a statistical significance （X^2 = 70.715, P = 0. 000）. The prevalence of poor eyesight among students in urban areas was 63.4 % （ 3 492/5 507 ） while that in rural areas was 44.9% （ 1 860/ 4 140 ） , which had a statistical significance （X^2 = 3. 285 ,P = 0.000）. With the increase of the ages and the grades, the prevalence of poor eyesight was arising. Conclusion The prevalence of poor eyesight among the students in Beijing has a trend of continuous increasing and will last for a period. More attention should be paid to the female students and the students from rural areas.