河南省部分农村寄宿制中小学校食堂卫生学评价

Cafeterias hygienic evaluation of rural boarding school of Henan Province

目的了解河南省农村寄宿制学校食堂的基础设施卫生及食品安全状况,探索存在的问题及相应的解决方案。方法在经济较发达县、中等发达县及欠发达县各选取60所寄宿制学校,共计180所,对所选学校食堂设施布局及环境卫生,食品及原料采购、贮存及加工,从业人员卫生,食堂监督管理等进行卫生学评价。结果食堂功能区独立合格率为25.4%,操作间地面足够防滑和"三防"设施合格率分别为20.3%和19.2%;餐饮具存放、专用清洗池设施合格率分别为37.3%和44.1%,食品原料采购索证合格率为36.7%,食品规范贮存的合格率为53.1%,冷藏设备配备不足,剩余食品冷藏合格率为57.6%;从业人员卫生各项指标合格率在80%以上;食堂监督管理几项主要指标合格率均在80%以上。结论农村寄宿制中小学校食堂基础设施配备不足且布局不合理,食品及原料采购、贮存及加工环节欠规范,监督管理制度落实不到位。

Objective To investigate infrastructure and hygienic situation of rural boarding school cafeterias in Henan province and to explore corresponding solutions for improving the hygienic conditions. Methods Totally 60 boarding schools from each of the three type areas, which included economically developed counties, moderately developed counties and developing counties, were selected and cafeterias conditions of 180 boarding schools were evaluated and analyzed which included the facilities and equipment layout conditions, environmental hygiene conditions, food and raw materials procurement, storage and processing situations, employees in health status and cafeteria supervision and management etc. Results The fit- ting rate of separate functional partition, adequate non-slip on the ground and the ＂ three defenses＂ facilities in operating rooms was 25.4%, 20.3% and 19.2%, respectively. The qualified rate of tgbleware store, special washing facilities, the health permit asked in the procurement of food and raw materials obtained, food＂ and raw materials standard storage, the remaining food frozen was 37.3%, 44.1%, 36.7% ,53.1% and 57.6%, respec- tively. The passing rates of employees health each indicators and several key indicators of cafeteria supervision and management were above 80%. Conclusion Cafeteria equipments of rural boarding schools are inadequate and the arrangement is not standard, the procurement, preservation and processing of food and raw materials are lack of standardized, and the supervision and management system put into effect invalidly.