宗教与古希腊人的政治生活

On Religion and the Political Life of Ancient Greeks

主要从神话和仪式两个方面,探讨了古希腊宗教的重要政治影响及其原因。文章指出,神话作为古希腊世界通行的话语,在城邦发展的过程中,被人们不断地改造和重塑,以满足政治现实的需要;它在增强民族和城邦社会的凝聚力、进行政治宣传和维护父权制社会的性别制度中发挥了巨大作用。祭祀仪式作为古希腊人广泛参与的宗教实践活动,参与了公民身份的建构过程,强化着人们对共同体的认同感,传承着城邦与民族的文化传统。宗教之所以处处渗透到古希腊人的政治生活中,是由城邦的公民和祭祀团体的特征以及当时人们的思维传统所决定的。

The essay will probe into the important political impacts of Greek religion and the underlying reasons mainly from the viewpoints of myth and ceremony.The author will point out that as a general discourse in the world of ancient Greece,myth was remade and reshaped by the people in the development of city - states to meet the needs of practical politics;it played an important role in strengthening the cohesion of the nations and city - states,conducting political propaganda and safeguarding the gender system in patriarchy.As a religious activity widely participated by the ancient Greeks,the ceremony engaged in the building of the identity of citizens and strengthened the people＇ s sense of identity towards the community,and also inherited the cultural tradition of city - states and nations.The reasons why religions permeated into the various aspects of political lives of ancient Greeks were determined by the characteristics of citizens and sacrificing communities and people＇ s thinking modes in that times.