基于产权约束的中国矿产资源管理体制分析

Management System of China's Mineral Resources Based on Property Right Constraint

在以消耗资源为代价的粗放型经济增长模式下,加强以产权为核心的矿产资源管理体制改革,是关系到矿产资源利用效率高低和我国经济社会可持续发展的重要命题。从制度变迁来看,产权安排的不完善是我国矿产资源管理低效的主要制度根源。因此,我国矿产资源管理体制开始了适应性的制度变迁。本文针对我国矿产资源管理的现状,以产权约束为基础,认为一种有效率的矿产资源管理模式应当是在市场机制的基础上寻求资产化管理与资源性管理、行政和市场配置方式的最优组合,而模式构建的核心是市场化的矿产资源配置制度安排,其主要表现为把矿业权作为一种产权按市场经济规律进行评估、拍卖和交易等商业活动。所以,矿产资源产权改革市场化的实质是在坚持矿产资源国家所有制的基础上,对矿产资源使用制度和价值流转体系进行的改革与创新。

In the extensive mode of economic growth with the cost of resource consumption,reinforcing the management system reform of mineral resources with property rights as its core,is a key subject related to the utilization efficiency of mineral resources and the sustainable development of Chinese economy and society.From the perspective of system transition,it is the imperfection of property arrangement that caused the low efficiency of mineral resources management in China,so institutional change has appeared.According to the current situation of mineral resources management in China,based on property rights,the paper pointed out that an efficient mineral resource management model should be an optimal combination of assets management and resources management as well as of administration and market allocation,and the core of the model is the market assignment of mineral resource allocation system,which is mainly embodied in mining rights being estimated,auctioned and traded as a kind of property rights.Therefore,the essence of market-driven mineral resources property rights reform is a reform and creation on both the mineral resources utilization system and the value exchange system based on upholding the state ownership of mineral resources.