小农组织化与农户组织参与程度研究

Research on Organized Level of Smallholder Farmers and Farmers' Organizational Participation in Rural Areas of China

小农组织化是农村问题研究中的一个重要理论,也是当前中国促进农村发展和重构乡村秩序的一个必然选择。文章以10省30个行政村千户问卷调查数据为基础,运用描述统计、因子分析和回归分析等方法实证探讨当前中国农户的组织化和组织活动参与问题。研究发现,无论是从农户的组织参加状况还是从农户的组织参与程度来看,中国农村组织发展严重滞后,农户组织参与比例和积极性都还处于非常低的水平,且在经济、政治和社会三个不同领域组织的农户参与也极不均衡;那些相对传统和落后(户主人力资本、农户家庭资源和社区与区域条件都处于劣势)的农户普遍在参与经济组织、政治组织和社会组织等组织活动方面的积极程度更高。文章还就未来研究需要引起关注的问题,包括小农组织化的主体、功能,以及小农户的组织信任和组织参与障碍等等问题,展开了进一步的讨论。

The organized level of smallholder farmers is an important theoretical perspective in the areas of rural study.It is also an inevitable choice of rural development and the reconstruction of rural order in current China.Based on the survey data of 1 000 families from 30 villages in 10 provinces of China,the paper uses statistical methods of variable description,factor analysis and regression analysis to conduct an empirical study on farmers＇ organizational participation.The research finds that whether from the proportion or from the extent of farmers＇ organizational participation,the organized level of smallholder farmers in rural China lagged far behind,and the proportion and enthusiasm of farmers＇ organizational participation are still at very low level.At the same time,the farmers＇ organizational participation has an extraordinarily unbalanced state in economic,political and social organizations.The traditional households who are weaker in capital,family resources and regional conditions have stronger enthusiasm to participate into economic organizations,political organizations and social organizations.The paper further discussed the issues such as the subject and the function of smallholder farmers＇ organization as well as obstacles in participating organizations.