同一固废全消解液中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Mn的原子吸收光谱测定方法研究

Application of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy to the determination of trace elements Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd and Mn in the same total digestion solution of solid waste

建立了固废中包括Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd和Mn等5种微量、痕量有害金属元素的原子吸收光谱测定方法。试验对微波消解条件、称样量、测定介质与仪器条件等进行了研究,试样经HNO3-HF微波消解,HClO4破坏有机质,在选定的试验条件下,使用原子吸收光谱仪对同一份样品中的痕量元素Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd和Mn进行连续测定。在仪器最佳工作条件下,方法检出限为:Cu0.037mg/L,Pb0.294mg/L,Zn0.030mg/L,Cd0.015mg/L,Mn0.022mg/L。相对标准偏差(RSD):Cu为3.1%,Pb为2.5%,Zn为4.0%,Cd为6.6%,Mn为4.2%。经过国家一级标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合较好。方法操作简单、可靠,可用于批量样品分析。

A procedure was developed for the determination of five toxic trace elements, namely Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Mn in solid waste by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （AAS）. The microwave digestion conditions, sample weight, detection media and instrument condition were investigated. The sample was treated by HNO3-HF digestion and HClO4 was chosen to destroy organic matter. Under specific experimental conditions, the above-mentioned five trace elements in the same sample were analyzed continuously by AAS. Under the optimal operational conditions of the instrument, method detection limits for Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Mn are 0.037, 0.294, 0.030, 0.015 and 0.022mg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations （RSD） for Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Mn are 3.1%, 2.5%, 4.0%, 6.6% and 4.2%, respectively. In comparison with the national primary reference materials, the results show good agreement with standard values. This simple and reliable method can be applied for batch sample analysis.