京北地区公路绿化带土壤养分特征研究

Soil Nutrient Characteristics of Roadside Greenbelts in Northern Beijing

为了解城市土壤的肥力质量,服务于城市土壤健康管理。以京北城区环线公路绿化带附近的土壤为对象,研究了表层0~10 cm土壤的颗粒组成和养分指标特征。研究结果表明,土壤颗粒组成以砂粒为主,其含量高达71.74%,黏粒含量仅为4.04%,土壤质地主要为砂土及壤质砂土、砂质壤土。土壤pH值在8.01~8.97范围内,属微碱性到强碱性土壤;土壤有机质平均含量为19.81 g.kg-1,全N平均含量为0.81 g.kg-1,有效P平均含量为29.16 mg.kg-1,速效K平均含量高达252.22 mg.kg-1;土壤养分在不同区域的变化程度不同,变异系数由大到小为有效P〉速效K〉NH4＋〉NO3-〉全N〉全P〉全K;不同环路区域的土壤养分水平有明显差异,其中北二环路区域除全K和速效K外,其他养分含量均达到最大值,土壤养分总体表现为由市中心向外辐射呈逐渐降低的趋势;草地土壤中的全N、有效P及全K含量显著高于空地土壤。

In order to understand the urban soil fertility quality and to serve soil health management,soil particle and nutrient contents in 0-10 cm layer near the different ring road greenbelts located Northern Beijing were analyzed.The results showed that sand content was as high as 71.74 %,while clay content was only 4.05 %,the soil texture types mainly belong to sand,loamy sand and sandy loam;soil pH values were from 8.01 to 8.97 and belonged to slightly alkaline or alkaline soil.The average contraents of soil organic matter,soil total nitrogen,soil available phosphorus and available potassium were 19.81 g·kg-1,0.81 g·kg-1 29.16 mg·kg-1 and 252.22 mg·kg-1,respectively.The variation degrees of soil nutrient contents were different.The order of the coefficient of variation was available phosphoruspotassium NH＋-4 NO——3 total nitrogen total phosphorus total potassium.On the other hand,the differences between contents of soil nutrients in different road greenbelts was significant.In the North Second Ring Road greenbelts,the soil nutrient contents reached the maximum value except soil potassium content.In general the soil nutrient contents decreased from downtown to suburb.The concentration of total nitrogen,available phosphorus and total potassium in grassland soil were significantly higher than those in the open soil.