羧甲基壳聚糖的制备及性能研究

Study on preparation and the performance of the carboxymethyl chitosan

羧甲基壳聚糖在日化、食品、医药、水处理等领域中具有良好的应用前景,为了获得具有较高取代度、高保湿性的羧甲基壳聚糖,文中对羧甲基壳聚糖的制备条件进行了优化.通过单因素和正交试验,考察了氢氧化钠用量、氯乙酸用量、反应时间和反应温度对产物取代度的影响,结果表明:m(氢氧化钠)∶m(壳聚糖)∶m(氯乙酸)=4∶1∶1.4,反应温度60℃,反应时间4 h为最优制备条件,产物取代度达1.186,利用红外对产物进行表征,确定其在羟基和氨基上都获得了取代,且产物在吸湿保湿性方面比透明质酸有了明显的改善,为后续进一步制备具有类似透明质酸性质的壳聚糖衍生物奠定基础.

Chitosan is a natural polymer and its chemical structure is close to that of hyaluronic acid（HA）.Recently,chitosan derivatives perparaed by chemical modification has been done to explore the application of chitosan.The optimum technological conditions for preparation of carboxymethyl chitosan are investigated in order to obtain carboxymethyl chitosan with high degree of substitution and high moisture-retention abilities.The optimum reaction conditions were determined by a series of single-factor and orthogonal tests.The result indicated that the optimum reaction condition were as follow： the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide,chitosan and chloroacetic acid is 4∶1∶1.4,reaction temperature 60 ℃,reaction time 4 h,and the degree of substitution of sodium carboxymethyl groups is 1.186.Infrared spectroscopy（IR） was used to characterize the molecular structures of the product.The moisture-absorption and moisture-retention abilities of the product have been significantly improved.