泸州市城区初中生近视及影响因素分析

ANALYSIS OF MYOPIA AND ITS INFLUENCE FACTORS OF JUNIOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN LUZHOU CITY

目的:通过泸州市初中生视力状况调查,分析近视形成的影响因素。方法:按分层整群抽样原则,对抽到的学生进行问卷调查和视力检测。结果:学生的近视率65.9%,不同性别、不同年级近视率差异有统计学意义,初二学生近视率(77.3%)明显高于初一(63.3%)(χ2=14.524,P<0.001),女生近视率(68.9%)高于男生近视率(62.5%)(χ2=5.039,P<0.05)。父母近视、性别、书写姿势不正确、晚上学习太晚、学习时间过长、视力下降不及时矫正是中学生近视的主要影响因素。结论:泸州市初中生近视率高于全国平均水平。视力保护应以父母近视的初中生作为重点人群,应把缩短学生连续用眼时间、注意读写姿势、增加体育锻炼、及时矫正视力不良等作为预防近视的重点工作。

Objective：To survey the visual situation of junior middle school students in Luzhou city,and to explore the influence factors of myopia.Methods：By stratified random sampling of the group,the studends was investigated by questionnaires and the myopia was examined.Results：The myopia prevalence of the students was 65.9%.The myopia rate of second grade students（77.3%） is obviously higher than the First Grade students’（63.3%）（χ2=14.524,P〈0.001）,and the myopia rate of the female（68.9%）is higher than the males（62.5%）（χ2=5.039,P〈0.05）.Parents’ myopia,gender,incorrect sitting gesture,keeping studying for a long time,tardy in correcting visual acuity are the major influence factors to the myopia of those junior middle school students.Conclusion：The myopia rate of junior middle school students in Luzhou city is higher than national average.It is necessary to take comprehensive measures to preserve eyesight,such as,focusing on the students whose parents are shortsighted,and concentrating on shortening the study time,strengthening the physical exercises,paying attention to the sitting gesture and remedying eyesight and so on.