红富士苹果品质与生态气象因子关系的研究

Relationship between fruit quality of Fuji apple and meteorological factors.

通过对我国不同生态类型区红富士苹果果实品质的调查和实验室分析，应用多元统计分析，研究了不同生态类型区红富士果实品质差异及影响果实品质的主要气象因子．红富士苹果在我国陕西渭北、甘肃陇东和山东渤海湾地区呈现出果实大、果面光洁、果色鲜艳的特征；而在西南高地果色暗红；黄河故道地区果面粗糙、着色差、果肉松；宁夏地区果实偏小．经典范相关分析筛选出影响苹果品质因素的主要气象因子，不同品质因素受气象因子的影响各异，果实花青素含量主要受年总降雨量、１０月平均温度、７月平均最高气温、９月平均最低气温。

The fruit quality of Fuji apple in various ecological regions of China and its major affecting meteorological factors were studied by investigation, laboratory analysis and multiple statistical analysis. Fuji apple fruits in the loesss plateau of Weibei and Longdong areas of northwest China, and in the Bohai Bay of Shandong Province had a high weight per fruit, and a glossy and gaily colored fruit skin; while those in mountainous region of southwest China had a dull red skin, in the former course of Yellow River had a rough and poor colored skin and in Ningxia Province had small sizes. The major meteorological factors affecting fruit quality were selected by canonical correlation analysis. The anthocyanidin content of fruits was affected mainly by annual total precipitation, and average temperature in October, maximum average temperature in July, and minimum average temperature and sunshine hours in September.