为历史编撰“立法”与《元史学》

To Legislate for Historiography and Metahistory

《元史学》是美国著名历史哲学家海登.怀特唯一的专著。在《元史学》中,怀特为历史作品设置了一个理想框架,力图为历史编撰立法。历史编撰者运用比喻进行历史深层的诗性预构,历史作品所表现出的情节化解释、形式论证式解释、意识形态式解释缺一不可;历史中阶段和类型划分也有统一的范式。19世纪不同路数的众多历史学家和历史哲学家都包含在他的"法"当中。我们要辩证地看待怀特为历史编撰所立之法。

Metahistory is the only monograph of Hayden White who is a famous American philosopher of history. White sets up an ideal framework for historical works in order to legislate for historiography in Metahistory. History compilers make poetic prefabrication by metaphor in deep history. The explanation by emplotment, explanation by formal argument, explanation by ideology implication of historical works are indispensable; there is also a unified paradigm in dividing the stage and type. Many different historians and philosophers of history in 19th century are included in his ＂Law＂. It is proposed in this paper that White＇s law should be looked at dialectically.