当代西方正义论争论中的柯亨

Herman Cohen in the Disputes over Justice in the Contemporary West

中国学者对柯亨的兴趣最初只是把他当作马克思主义的信奉者和捍卫者,从20世纪90年代末开始,学者们已逐渐重视到他在当代西方政治哲学中关于正义、自由、平等等方面争论中的作用。本文拟从以下几个方面来介绍和评论柯亨的观点:一、他如何应对诺齐克的"张伯伦论证"的挑战;二、他如何反驳诺齐克关于外部资源初始的私人占有合法性的论证;三、他关于马克思主义承认自我所有是重大失误的观点。文章最后认为,中国的"人民公社化"和"文化大革命"的经验表明,实践柯亨的理论,其结果或许将会是灾难性的。

Chinese scholars first showed interest in Herman Cohen because they regarded him as a follower and advocator of Marxism.Since the end of the 1990s,Chinese scholars have noticed his role in the Western political philosophy for interpreting justice,freedom,equality and so on.This paper focuses on the following aspects of Cohen’s philosophy: 1.His strategies against the challenges of 'Chamberlain’s experiment' proposed by Robert Nozick.2.His criticism of Nozick’s view of legality concerning the private possession of the first external resources.3.His conclusion that it is a serious mistake for Marxism to acknowledge self—ownership.The paper concludes that the experience of 'People’s Commune' and 'Cultural Revolution' in China indicates that the implementation of Cohen’s theory may lead to disastrous consequences.