2种制造/安装偏差对高速车辆方向稳定性的影响

Influences of two types of biases from manufacture/installation on directional stability of high speed vehicle

为改善高速车辆的方向稳定性,研究了左右轴距不等及车身纵轴线与前后车轴中点连线不重合的2种制造/安装偏差,及其导致车辆高速行驶时出现跑偏现象的机理及相关影响.建立了这2种制造/安装偏差导致高速车辆发生跑偏运动的动力学模型,推导出其状态方程,并通过数值仿真定量解析了这2种制造/安装偏差对车辆高速方向稳定性的影响.研究结果表明:左右轴距不等对高速车辆方向稳定性的影响较车身纵轴线与前后车轴中点连线不重合的影响明显,因此它是导致高速车辆方向跑偏的主要原因之一;车身纵轴线与前后车轴中点连线在后轴处的偏差对车辆方向稳定性的影响较车身纵轴线与前后车轴中点连线在前轴处的偏差略明显.

To improve the directional stability of high speed vehicle,the working principle of vehicle deviation and influences on vehicle directional stability caused by two types of biases from manufacture/installation are investigated.The two types of biases include the unequal of left and right wheelbases and the mi-salignment of midpoint connection line of front and rear axles with longitudinal axis of body.The dynamic model of vehicle deviation caused by the two types of biases from manufacture/installation is established.Influences of the two types of biases from manufacture/installation on directional stability of high speed vehicle are analyzed quantitatively through numerical simulation.The analysis results show that influence of the unequal of left and right wheelbases on directional stability of high speed vehicle is greater than the latter,so the unequal of left and right wheelbases is one of main factors causing vehicle deviation.The influence of the bias between midpoint connection line of front and rear axles and longitudinal axis of body in front axle is greater than that in rear axle.