西藏大学学生膳食营养状况调查分析

Survey analysis of dietary nutritional status among Tibet University students

目的：了解西藏大学学生膳食营养状况。方法：采用随机抽样的方法对西藏大学1 038名学生进行了营养调查,膳食调查主要采用了食物频率法（FFQ）以及连续3天的24小时回顾法,同时进行了血常规和血压等检查、体格测量等。将计算学生每人每日营养素的摄入量与中国居民推荐膳食营养素摄入量（recommended nutrient intake,RNI）及适宜摄入量（adequate intake,AI）进行比较。结果：西藏大学学生多数维生素摄入不足,在各种维生素中仅有2~3项达到或超过RNI及AI,新鲜蔬菜、豆类、牛奶、鸡蛋、海产品等摄入频率不够理想,有14.9%的学生不吃早餐。结论：学生的饮食结构不够理想,应该合理的进行膳食搭配,提高蔬菜水果类、鱼虾类、奶类、豆类等的摄入频率,积极提倡合理饮食,提高大学生营养状况。

Objective：To know the status of meals and nutrition in Tibet University students.Methods：According to the method of random sampling,1038 students in Tibet University were conducted nutritional survey.The food frequency questionnaire（FFQ） and the method of 24-h recall for consecutive 3 d were used,and at the same time,the physical examination,blood routine and blood pressure were measured.Nutrient intake one person per day was compared with the Chinese people recommended nutrient intake（RNI） and adequate intake（AI）.Results：Most students in Tibet University took fewer vitamins,and the intake of seafood,fresh vegetables,beans,milk,eggs and so on was not enough.And only 2~3 items in the daily average intake of various vitamins reached or surpassed RNI or AI.14.9 % of students did not eat the breakfast.Conclusion：The dietary structure of the students in Tibet University is not ideal.Diet should be rationally collocated.Should improve the intake frequency of vegetables,fruit,fish,milk and beans.The balanced diet should be promoted to improve the nutritional status of university students.