p38MAPK信号传导通路

p38 MAPK signal transduction pathway

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（ｍｉｔｏｇｅｎ－ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｋｉｎａｓｅ，ＭＡＰＫ）介导了生长、发育、分裂、死亡，以及细胞间的功能同步等多种细胞生理过程。在哺乳动物细胞中已发现和克隆了ＥＲＫ、ＪＮＫ／ＳＡＰＫ、ＥＲＫ５／ＢＭＫ１和ｐ３８／ＲＫ四个ＭＡＰＫ亚族。这些新的ＭＡＰＫ介导了物理、化学应激、细菌产物、炎性细胞因子等多种刺激引起的细胞反应。ｐ３８亚族至少包括ｐ３８（α）、ｐ３８β、ｐ３８γ和ｐ３８δ四个亚型，这些不同亚型的激酶之间具有一些相似性，如序列同源性较高、具有相同的“ＴＧＹ”双磷酸化位点、可被环境应激激活等；也具有各自不同的特征，如组织分布不同、对上游激酶具有一定的选择作用、对下游底物的作用也不尽相同等。然而，这些不同亚型的特定功能仍有待进一步阐明。

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) involved in many cellular process,such as,cell growth, development,division, programmed cell death and coordination of cell functions, etc.So far,four subfamilies of MAP kinase which are ERK.JNK/SAPK.ERK5/BMKI and p38/RKhad been inedtified and cloned in mammalian cells.The MAPKs mediate cellular responses inducedby physical-chemical stresses,bacterial products and proinflammatory cytokines. p38 subfamilycomprises p38(a). p38p. p38r and p38 isoforms which are in common in high similarityin sequence,'TGY' dual phosphorylation motif, and activation by environmental stress-Thedifferences of these kinases are represented by differential tissue distribution, specific selection ofup-stream kinase and different action on substrate.However,the specific function of each isoformof p38 is awaiting further investigation.