黑龙江省发展大麻的优势与主要栽培技术

The Superiority and Main Cultivation Technology of Hemp in Heilongjiang Province

本文介绍了黑龙江省大麻产业的现状和发展优势:率先采用平播密植,机械加工。大麻生产主要采用温水沤麻和雨露工艺进行生物脱胶,利用亚麻剥麻机制麻。2007年我省大麻种植面积9300hm2,2009年仍有4200 hm2,种植面积占全国大麻种植面积的38.9%。黑龙江种植大麻有丰富的土地资源、适宜的气候条件;有悠久的种麻历史、规模加工条件;有全程的机械化栽培生产条件。同时,结合黑龙江生产实际提出了大麻主要栽培技术:播前种子药剂处理,选择适宜的地块种植,伏、秋翻地,精细整地,合理施肥,适时播种,适时进行化学除草、灌溉、防病治虫,适期收获,妥善保管,机械脱粒。

The status and the development advantages of hemp industry in Heilongjiang Province were described in this article： Heilongjiang Province is the first one to use flat sowing,close planting and mechanized processing.Warm water retting,dew retting technology and decorticating scutching machinery were adopted in the hemp production.The planting area of hemp in Heilongjiang Province was 9300 hm2 in 2007 and 4200 hm2 in 2009,accounting for 38.9% of the total in China.There are rich soil resources,suitable climate,a long history of planting hemp,the large-scale processing conditions and the mechanized conditions for cultivation and production.At the same time,the primary cultivation techniques were stated including seed treatment,right soil selection,ploughing in the summer and the fall,careful soil preparation,rational fertilization,timely planting,chemical weed control,irrigation,the control of diseases and pests,timely harvest,the proper storage and the mechanical threshing.