运动致牙外伤945例调查分析

Analysis of 945 cases of tooth trauma induced by sports

目的探讨运动致牙外伤发生的规律以及影响其预后的因素。方法回顾分析2005—2009年在北京大学深圳医院就诊的因运动致牙外伤的945例患者相关资料,对运动中牙外伤发生原因、地点、年龄、性别、牙位、类型、时间、季节、牙外伤就诊时间、牙根发育状况与其预后之间的关系加以分析,并提出相关预防措施。结果运动致牙外伤的高发年龄段为20～30岁;男性明显高于女性;夏秋季节高于春冬季节;受伤原因以运动中碰撞或跌倒最为多见。最易受伤的牙位是上颌中切牙,以半脱位最为多见。外伤发生后24h内就诊的年轻恒牙预后较好。结论运动致牙外伤发生存在一定的规律,外伤后就诊时间是影响外伤牙预后的因素之一,使用护牙托可以降低运动致牙外伤的发生率。

Objective To study the regular pattern of tooth trauma induced by sports and the factors affecting its prognosis.Methods Review 945 cases of traumatic tooth-related information,analyze the relationship among reasons,location,age,gender,tooth position,type,time,season,time of dental treatment,root growth and prognosis of dental traumatology,and suggest relevant preventive measures.Results The high incidence of dental trauma in sports was in the age group from 20 to 30 years old;the main reason was collision and tumble in sports;the most likely injured tooth was maxillary central incisor,and subluxation was the most common;the number of males was significantly higher than females;the incidence in summer and autumn was higher than in spring and winter ;young permanent teeth treatment within 24 hours had better prognosis.Conclusion Dental trauma has regular pattern.Treatment time is one of the factors affecting the prognosis of dental trauma.Mouthguards can reduce the incidence.