黄河三角洲自然保护区东方白鹳的巢址利用

Make use of nest-site of oriental white stork in the Yellow River Estuary Nature Reserve

2009年3—5月,在黄河三角洲保护区,运用Vanderploeg和Scavia选择指数和资源选择函数对25个东方白鹳巢址的利用进行了研究。结果表明:东方白鹳偏好选择在芦苇沼泽中的电线杆上筑巢,巢区水面比例较大,样方内水深度>15cm,植被较高,盖度较大,植被密度200—500根/m2,巢址距明水面、芦苇沼泽、树林距离较近,明水面深度<0.5m,距离人为干扰、农田、草地较远。东方白鹳巢址利用的资源选择函数为:logist(p)=-0.206-2.773×距明水面距离+2.200×距公路距离+1.444×距轻度干扰地距离+1.205×距草地距离+1.191×植被密度,模型正确率:88.6%,R2=0.721。食物、人为干扰和植被密度是影响东方白鹳巢址利用的主要因素。

25 Oriental white stork breeding nests that have been found and positioned with a global positioning system（GPS） from March to May 2009 in the Yellow River Estuary nature reserve.To nest-site as the center,Setting a 10m×10m square quadrat in which center,and set up a 1m×1m square sample side at the four corners of each quadrat.Reference of our predecessors of other people′s research methods and the actual situation,determination of the 16 ecological factors selective：vegetation type,nest position height,water depth in quadrat、proportion of water in quadrat、vegetation height、vegetation density、vegetation coverage、the distance to water、water depth、the distance to the reed marsh、the distance to the road、the distance to the tourist area、the distance to the mild disturbance、the distance to grassland、the distance to forests、the distance to farmland.In order to ensure the randomness of quadrats the study area will be divided into 50 equal or similar areas,so that the quadrat must be covered the whole of the study area.If the Oriental White Stork nests had still living within the quadrats,which quadrad has to remove.A total of 25 random quadrats were filtrated.Caurse of here were not tall trees in the study area,so the control samples were poles.Because the data didn′t accord with normal school,16 ecological factors were analysised relevanced with spearman.There were 9 of the absolute value of the correlation coefficient greater0.5.The independence and representation of the factor,selected little them nine ecological factors（distance to water、distance to the road、distance to the tourist area、distance to the mild disturbance、distance to grassland、distance to forests、distance to the reed marsh、vegetation density、vegetation coverage） to get in logistic regression.After parameters standardized,Using ＂forward： conditional＂ for logistic regression analysis,and finally entering the function equation are significant statistically variables were： vegetation density、distance to the mild disturbance、distance to grassland、distance to water、distance to the road.The results showed that the resource selection function of Oriental white stork nest-site： logist（p）=-0.206-2.773×the distance to water＋2.200×the distance to the road＋1.444 the distance to mild disturbances＋1.205 the distance to grasslands ＋1.191 vegetation density.The model indicated that Oriental white stork to choose a nest-site having relevance with a distance to water were a negative correlation,and the distance to the road,the distance to mild disturbances,the distance to grasslands,vegetation density was positively correlated.Otherwise indicated that the Oriental white stork to select areas inclined,closing to the water,far to the road,far to mild disturbance,grass distance and great vegetation density for nesting.According to the resource selection functions,the nest-site choice probability of Oriental white stork P=elogist（p）/[1＋elogist（p）].The correct rate：88.6%（R2 =0.721）.Food,human disturbance and vegetation density are main factors,affect the nest-site use of Oriental white stork.