初雏接种益生菌对雏鸡肠道菌群的影响

Effect of Probiotics to Gut Microbiota of Newly Hatched Chick

本试验研究了使用竞争排斥类益生菌制剂(CE)对初生雏鸡肠道菌群的影响。试验一随机将180只刚出壳雏鸡分为两组,试验组在0d每只口服接种益生菌106CFU,而对照组则口服无菌生理盐水。通过选择性培养和DGGE带型分析,研究不同日龄雏鸡盲肠内容物中菌群结构的变化。结果表明:试验和对照组的细菌总数差异不显著,试验组的大肠杆菌数显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组的乳酸杆菌数高于对照组;肠球菌数低于对照组,但二者差异不显著。PCR-DGGE结果表明试验组的电泳条带明显多于对照组,而且两组肠道菌群按不同处理明显地聚类成两大分支,说明初雏接种益生菌可以影响后期的盲肠菌群结构。试验二的分组和0d处理同试验一,两组随后在1d均口服接种鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。通过检测沙门氏菌和耐药性大肠杆菌定植数量来比较益生菌对雏鸡的保护率。结果表明:在12d,对照组盲肠内沙门氏菌阳性率为46.15%,而试验组则未检出。同时,与对照组相比,试验组盲肠内耐30ppm卡那霉素和5ppm氨苄青霉素的大肠杆菌数量下降显著。以上结果显示,竞争排斥类益生菌制剂不仅可在雏鸡肠道内成功定植,而且可以显著降低肠道沙门氏菌的数量。

The effects of competitive exclusive products（CE） on the colonization resistance of Salmonella in newly hatched chicken were investigated in current study.In first experiment,the 180 as hatched chicks were randomly allotted into two groups.The group 1 was oral inoculated with 106 CFU /per bird of CE products on day 0 and group 2 was fed with sterile NS as control.The birds were killed at different time points and the bacterial populations in cecum were enumerated by specific selecting medium and visalized by DGGE profile.The total bacterial populations did not showed the significant difference between the teatment group to control.However,the number of E.coli in treated group decreased significant than control（P0.05）,but Lactobacillus and Enterococcus increased non-significantly.The PCR-DGGE results indicated that the patters in probiotics treated group clustered together,suggesting the probiotic treatment significantly affected the bacterial colonization in newly hatched chicken.In second experiment,group 1 and 2 received the similar treatments as the experiment 1,except 106 of Salmonella typhimurium were orally inoculated on day 1 in both groups.The population of S.typhimurium significantly decreased in the probiotic treated group,as on day 12,there was no Salmonella positive chicken detected in probiotics treated group,whiles 46.15% of birds was found still colonized by Salmonella in control.We also enumerated the antibiotics resistent Coliforms on MacConkey agar that added with 30ppm Kanamycin and 5ppm Ampicillin in second experiment.It is interesting to notice that feeding the probiotics on newly hateched birds significantly decreased the populations of antibiotics resistant Coliforms.In summary,the results of this research suggested that probiotics can coloniz in the gut of newly hatched chicks and affected the gut bacteria community,particularly decrease of the Salmonella colonization.