急进高原个体胃肠型高原反应发生情况及其原因

Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Altitude Sickness after Abrupt Highland Advancing and Its Cause

目的对平原个体急进高原现场后胃肠型高原反应发生情况及其原因进行调查分析。方法应用消化系统症状调查表对1753例急进高原个体的消化系统症状进行调查,并从中随机抽取20例分别于进入高原前1d、进入高原第3天和第7天行胃镜检查,并对其结果进行分析。结果 1753例急进高原个体中有1097例存在不同程度的消化系统症状(占62.58%),其症状主要有腹胀、食欲不振、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、便秘、腹泻、便血和黑便等,20例进行胃镜检查者,进入高原第3天及第7天胃镜检查阳性例数分别为17例(约85%)和10例(50%),与进入高原前比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01),胃镜表现主要有胃粘膜出血、充血、淤血、糜烂、溃疡及胆汁返流等,其中1例于进入高原第3天因胃黏膜出血住院治疗。结论平原个体急进高原现场后胃肠型高原反应发生率较高,急性高原缺氧所引发的胃肠道黏膜损伤是导致胃肠型高原反应发生的根本原因。

[Objective] To investigate and analyze the occurrence of gastrointestinal altitude sickness after abrupt highland advancing of plain individual and its cause.[Methods]Gastrointestinal symptoms questionnaire was applied to investigate digestive symptoms of 1 753 individuals with abrupt highland advancing,among which 20 were randomly selected for examination by stomachoscopy 1 day before highland advancing,3 days and 7 days after highland advancing.The results were analyzed.[Results]Of 1 753 individuals,1097 （62.58%）had digestive symptoms of different degree,including abdominal distension,poor appetite,nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain,constipation,diarrhea,hematochezia and melena etc.Of 20 individuals with examination by stomachoscopy,the number of positive cases 3 d and 7 d after highland advancing was 17 （about 85%） and 10（50%）,respectively,compared with that before highland advancing,the differences were all significant（P0.01）.Bleeding,hyperemia,erosion and ulcer of stomach mucosal were manifested by gastroscopy.One individual received hospital care due to gastric hemorrhage after highland advancing for 3 days.[Conclusion]The incidence of gastrointestinal altitude sickness was relatively high among plain individuals with abrupt highland advancing.Acute high altitude anoxia induced gastrointestinal mucosa is the root cause of gastrointestinal altitude sickness.