饮水砷暴露大鼠血砷、尿砷和组织砷含量测定分析

Detection of arsenic contents in blood,urine and organs of rats exposed to arsenic through drinking water

目的探讨饮水砷暴露大鼠血砷、尿砷和各脏器组织中砷含量的分布。方法将32只健康Wistar大鼠随机分为4组,分别为对照(自来水)组和低(50μg/L)、中(150μg/L)、高(450μg/L)浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组,每组8只,雌雄各半。采用自由饮水方式进行染毒,每只大鼠每日饮水消耗量约37 ml,连续染毒4周后,取尿样测定尿砷;并处死大鼠测定血砷及肝、肾、肺、心、脾、脑组织重量、脏器系数及砷含量。结果与对照组比较,第2周时低浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠体重较高,第4周时中、高浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠体重较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低、中浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠肝脏脏器系数高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组大鼠肾、肺、心、脾、脑的脏器系数间比较,差异均无统计学意义。与对照组比较,高、中、低浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠血、尿、脾、肾组织和高、中浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组大鼠心、肝、肺、脑组织砷含量较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。且随着染砷浓度的增加,血砷、尿砷和各脏器组织中的砷含量均呈上升趋势。相同浓度亚砷酸钠染毒组不同脏器中的砷含量不同,脾组织中砷含量最高,脑组织中最低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血砷,尿砷与各脏器组织中砷含量均显著相关(P<0.05)。结论饮水砷暴露大鼠体内各脏器组织中均有砷蓄积,但分布并不均匀;血砷和尿砷含量均可一定程度反映砷在体内的负荷情况。

Objective To investigate the contents of arsenic in blood,urine,liver,kidney,lung,heart,spleen,and brain of rats after exposure to arsenic.Methods Thirty-two healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups.The rats were exposed to arsenic through drinking water at doses of 0（control group）,50,150,450 μg/ L for four weeks,respectively.The water consumption per day per rat was about 37 ml.Rats were sacrificed after four weeks.The weight of liver,kidney,lung,heart,spleen and brain were recorded,organ coefficients were calculated and contents of arsenic in blood,urine and organs were detected.Results Compared with control group,the body weight in low dose group was higher at the end of 2 weeks（P0.05）,and the body weight in middle and high dose groups was lower at the end of 4 weeks（P0.05）.The liver organ coefficient in low and middle dose groups were significantly higher than that in control group（P0.05）,but there was no significant difference in organ coefficients of kidney,lung,heart,spleen and brain among 4 groups.The levels of arsenic in blood,urine,spleen and kidney were significantly higher in three arsenic groups than in control group.Arsenic levels in heart,liver,lung and brain were higher in middle and high-dose groups than that in control group（P〈0.5）.Arsenic contents in blood,urine,liver,kidney,lung,heart,spleen and brain increased in a dose-dependant manner.The arsenic level was significantly different among different organs in the same group,and it was the highest in spleen and the lowest in brain（P〈0.05）.The arsenic contents in blood and urine were significantly correlated with the contents of arsenic in liver,kidney,lung,heart,spleen,brain（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Arsenic can accumulate in certain important organs of rats after exposure to arsenic,but the distribution of arsenic in various organs is different.Both blood arsenic and urine arsenic can reflect the burden of body in rats to some extent.