北京市丰台区机械加工行业工人职业性肌肉骨骼疾患的调查

Survey of Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders among Machinery Manufactures workers

目的调查机械加工业工人职业性肌肉骨骼疾患的患病情况。方法采用横断面调查方法,对北京市丰台区4个机械加工行业工厂990名工人进行肌肉骨骼疾患的问卷调查。对可能的危险因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果 60.9%的工人患有职业性肌肉骨骼疾患,其不同人体部位的患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=617.466,P<0.01),腰部患病率最高(45.1%)。不同工种之间患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.510,P<0.01)。进入回归方程的为工龄、工作疲劳感、自我健康状况评价、多次重复操作、不良体位、外伤史6个因素。结论所调查4个工厂的工人存在较严重的职业性肌肉骨骼损害。

[Objective]To investigate the prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders（OMD） in machinery manufactures workers.[Methods]Cross-sectional survey was adopted to conduct questionnaire survey about OMD on 990 workers from 4 machinery manufacturers in Fengtai District of Beijing City.Multi-factor logistic regression analysis was performed on possible risk factors.[Results]General prevalence of OMD among machinery manufactures workers was 60.9%,the prevalence rates of OMD in different parts of the body were significantly different（χ^2=617.466,P〈0.01）,the prevalence of OMD at waist was highest（45.1%）.Prevalence rate between different type of work was significantly different（χ^2=17.510,P〈0.01）.Six factors of length of service,work fatigue,self-health evaluation,repeated operation,poor posture,trauma history were put into the regression equation.[Conclusion]Serious damage of OMD exist in workers of the surveyed 4 factories.