微创经皮肾镜取石术术后出血的相关因素分析和护理

Related Factors of Postoperative Hemorrhage of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Nursing

目的探讨微创经皮肾镜取石术术后出血的相关因素及护理措施。方法回顾分析了877例微创经皮肾镜取石术患者的临床资料,比较出血的时间、出血的危险因素,出血时的症状等因素,并进行统计学分析。结果术后3 d内出血的患者占68.20%,晚间发生出血的占47.7%。有腰痛症状比无腰疼症状的患者出血发生率大。在出血的患者中,有便秘的患者接受高选择性肾动脉栓塞的发生率较大,造瘘管引流出新鲜血液的患者接受高选择性肾动脉栓塞的发生率较大。结论对微创经皮肾镜取石术患者有针对性的护理,能有效地减少术后出血的发生率。

[Objective]To study the related factors and nursing measures of postoperative hemorrhage of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy.[Methods]The clinical data of 87 patients who were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy were analyzed retrospectively,the time and risk factors of hemorrhage were compared,and the statistical analysis was conducted.[Results]68.20% of patients got hemorrhage three days after surgery,and 47.7% of patients got hemorrhage in the evening.The incidence of hemorrhage was high in patients who had lumbago symptom.Among patients with hemorrhage,the rate of superselective renal arterial embolization was high in patients with constipation or with fresh blood by fistula drainage.[Conclusion]The targeted nursing for patients treated with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative hemorrhage.